Rutherfordium Facts - Rf or Element 104 Facts

The element rutherfordium is a synthetic radioactive element that is predicted to exhibit properties similar to those of hafnium and zirconium. No one really knows, since only minute quantities of this element have been produced to date. The element is likely a solid metal at room temperature. Here are additional Rf element facts: Element Name:Â  Rutherfordium Atomic Number: 104 Symbol: Rf Atomic Weight: [261] Discovery: A. Ghiorso, et al, L Berkeley Lab, USA 1969 - Dubna Lab, Russia 1964 Electron Configuration: [Rn] 5f14 6d2 7s2 Element Classification: Transition Metal Word Origin:Â  Element 104 was named in honor of Ernest Rutherford, although discovery of the element was contested, so the official name was not approved by the IUPAC until 1997. The Russian research team had proposed the name kurchatovium for element 104. Appearance: Rutherfordium is predicted to be a radioactive synthetic metal, solid at room temperature and pressure. Crystal Structure: Rf is predicted to have a hexagonal close-packed crystal structure similar to that of its congener, hafnium. Isotopes: All of the isotopes of rutherfordium are radioactive and synthetic. The most stable isotope, Rf-267, has a half-life around 1.3 hours. Sources of Element 104: Element 104 has not been found in nature. It is only produced by nuclear bombardment or decay of heavier isotopes. In 1964, researchers at the Russians facility at Dubna bombarded a plutonium-242 target with neon-22 ions to produce the isotope most likely rutherfordium-259. In 1969, scientists at the University of California at Berkeley bombarded a californium-249 target with carbon-12 ions to produce alpha decay of rutherfordium-257. Toxicity: Rutherfordium is expected to be harmful to living organisms due to its radioactivity. It is not an essential nutrient for any known life. Uses: At present, element 104 has no practical uses and is only application to research. Rutherfordium Fast Facts Element Name: RutherfordiumElement Symbol: RfAtomic Number: 104Appearance: Solid metal (predicted)Group: Group 4 (Transition Metal)Period: Period 7Discovery:Â  Joint Institute for Nuclear Research and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (1964, 1969) Sources Fricke, Burkhard. Superheavy elements a prediction of their chemical and physical properties. Recent Impact of Physics on Inorganic Chemistry, Structure and Bonding, Volume 21, Springer Link, December 3, 2007. Ghiorso, A.; Nurmia, M.; Harris, J.; Eskola, K.; Eskola, P. (1969). Positive Identification of Two Alpha-Particle-Emitting Isotopes of Element 104. Physical Review Letters. 22 (24): 1317–1320. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.22.1317 Hoffman, Darleane C.; Lee, Diana M.; Pershina, Valeria (2006). Transactinides and the future elements. In Morss; Edelstein, Norman M.; Fuger, Jean. The Chemistry of the Actinide and Transactinide Elements (3rd ed.). Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Springer ScienceBusiness Media. ISBN 1-4020-3555-1.

William Edward Burghardt (. B. ) Du Bois - 1085 Words

William Edward Burghardt (W.E.B.) Du Bois was a successful author of many books and an accomplished student. He supported women s rights and the equality of African-American people. He had a pretty ordinary childhood, but his adult life was full of many accomplishments. He began to show a love and talent for reading and writing at a young age and this continued throughout his life. W.E.B. was born February 23, 1868 in Great Barrington, Massachusetts, a mostly European American town. His parents were Alfred and Mary DuBois. Shortly after his birth, his parents separated and his father passed away. As a child, he chopped his neighbor s wood and mowed their lawns. He also liked sledding down snow packed hills with his†¦show more content†¦He received his Bachelor s degree in philosophy around October 1890. 2 Soon after graduating from Fisk University, W.E.B. went on to attend Harvard University. He graduated in 1895 and became the first African American to get a Ph.D from Harvard. He went on to become a doctoral student at Friedrich-Wilhelms-Università ¤t (now Humboldt-Università ¤t). In 1958, he was awarded an honorary doctoral degree from Humboldt. Later on, DuBois was hired by Wilberforce University in Xenia, Ohio to teach Greek and Latin. At the university he had a heavy workload. He had to teach German, English and history in addition to Greek and Latin. He really wanted to teach sociology, but he was not allowed to do so. During his time at Wilberforce, he began to show an interest for one of his students, Nina Gomer. On May 12th, 1896, the couple married and Nina soon moved in with W.E.B. in his two room apartment in the men s dorm at Wilberforce. Later on, Nina found out she was pregnant in February of 1897. Nine months later, she gave birth to a son named Burghardt Gomer Du Bois. Unfortunately, he died about two years later on May 24, 1899 from diphtheria. The next year, W.E.B. went to Europe for the Paris exposition which recognized nineteenth century achievements, including a Negro Exhibit. By then, Nina was already five months pregnant with her second child. Soon after W.E.B. returned from Europe, Nina gave birth to Nina Yolande

Conflict Government and Policy Team Free Essays

Case Study3 : The Poisoned Chalice: By Matthew Mcdonald, University of New South Wales Joseph had been a team leader for two years and felt he was ready to take the next step in his public service career. He had begun his career as a graduate trainee in the Department of Agriculture after completing a double degree in commerce and environmental science. After his traineeship he was offered permanency as a policy officer, eventually rising to the post of team leader. We will write a custom essay sample on Conflict: Government and Policy Team or any similar topic only for you Order Now As a team leader Joseph felt he had gained the trust and respect of his four staff member and had learnt the basic skills of being a manager. Joseph applied for various management positions within his own department without success. Undeterred, he applied for a position in another government department responsible for environment and heritage and was successful. The role involved taking over the position of manager of a â€Å"Taskforce† that had been set up five months previously. The taskforce was made up of 10 team members responsible for developing and implementing a set of government policies and programs designed to assist primary producers to manage better the environmental threats to their land. Joseph couldn’t have been happier with his new promotion and he looked forward to applying what he had learned as a team leader to the challenges of his new post. The taskforce itself was divided into two teams. The first team- â€Å"the policy team† was responsible for developing policies in consultation with the minister’s office that would underpin the programs to be eventually rolled put all over the country. This team was made up of highly experienced member. The second team- â€Å"the implementation team† was responsible for implementing the policies developed by the policy team. The job of the implementation team was to deal with the logistic of implementing the programs and working with the numerous stakeholders involved. For Joseph, everything started put well in his new position. He gradually got to know each of the team members, who seemed skilled and competent in each of their roles. He also began to understand better the job that the taskforce was required to do. However, as the days turned into weeks some major problems in the taskforce began to appear. The first major problem was that other sections within the department were unhelpful and difficult to deal with when he made requests of them or sought to initiate collaborations. When he asked his staff why this was the case, the most common response was that the department had â€Å"had it in† for the taskforce as posing a threat to their own positions. The bad blood between the taskforce and the rest of the department made Joseph’s position vary difficult because he and his staff were heavily reliant on other areas of the department for their expertise, advice and assistance in order to manage the project successfully. The second major problem was the taskforce itself, Joseph began to realize that the two teams were highly antagonistic towards each other. This was evident in taskforce meetings, where there was an obvious hostility between them. Joseph also discovered that very little had been achieved since the taskforce was setup, and found that it was now well behind the government’s schedule. However, the full implications of Joseph’s predicament became apparent only after a revealing conversation with Alison, a junior member of the implementation team, while working back late one evening. Alison told Joseph that the previous manager of the taskforce, John, had left the position because of the problems associated with it, everything had started out well; however, then the policy team had begun to treat the implementation team as inferior because the implementation team members were younger in age, were less experienced and had made a major blunder in the first few weeks by getting a national farmers’ union offside. After this blunder the policy team had begun to refer to the implementation team as ‘the idiots’. The policy team had also taken a superior attitude towards members of other sections within the department because of their close relationship with the minister’s office. This problem came to a head after a chain of emails had been leaked to the rest of the department by a member of the implementation team, who had inadvertently received them, in the emails, members of the policy team had made disparaging remarks about people from other section with whom they had been working, this had created a furors in the department. As a result, a number of formal complaints about members of the policy team had been made. Instead of dealing with this and the other problem associated with the taskforce, the previous manager, John, had closeted himself away in his office, hoping they would go away. Realizing that events were starting to get out of control, John’s manager. Max, had stepped in to try and sort out the situation. He had done this by speaking with all of the taskforce members both individually and as a group. This had made a difference for a short time: however, the antagonism between the two teams in the taskforce had eventually returned, and it had seemed the nothing could be done to repair the damage inflicted by the leaking of the emails. It was at this point that John had resigned. Due to the taint that hung over the taskforce, no one in the department had been willing to apply for the now vacant position of taskforce manager. After speaking with Alison, Joseph realized he had been handed a â€Å"poisoned chalice† that nobody else wanted. He became very worried that the taskforce would not meet the departments’ and the government’s objectives and timelines, and the he would be blamed for its failure, adversely affecting his long-term career and future promotion prospects. Discussion Questions 1. Using the â€Å"model of conflict processes†, identify the sources of conflict between the policy team and the implementation team. 2. Were Max’s actions appropriate in this situation? If so, why? If not, what should he have done instead? 3. What actions should Joseph take to ensure that the taskforce meets the government’s objectives and timelines? How to cite Conflict: Government and Policy Team, Papers

Database free essay sample

The following major concepts were introduced in this Chapter (Ch 6): 1. 1 Data Warehouse A data warehouse is a database that stores current and historical data of potential interest to decision makers throughout the company. The data originate in many core operational transaction systems, such as systems for sale, customer accounts, and manufacturing, and may include data from Web site transactions. The data warehouse consolidates and standardizes information from different operational databases so that the information can be used across the enterprise for management analysis and decision making. In the Terrorist Watch List Database case, the information about suspected terrorists are consolidated and standardized from multiple government agencies so that the information can be centralized into a single list, from which different agencies can communicate and share information with each other. This centralized database is a specific example of data warehouse. In this case, the data warehouse containing the relevant information of individuals from each agency’s list enhancing effectiveness of communication between agencies as well as increase the consistency of information from separate databases. We will write a custom essay sample on Database or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The data warehouse makes the data available for anyone to access as needed, but it cannot be altered. 1. 2 Data Mining Data mining is more discovery driven. Data mining provides insight into corporate data that cannot be obtained with OLAP by finding hidden patterns and relationships in large databases and inferring rules from them to predict future behaviour. The patterns and rules are used to guide decision making and forecast the effect of those decisions. The types of information obtainable from data mining include associations, sequences, classifications, clusters, and forecasts. 1. 3 Business Intelligence These tools for consolidating, analyzing, and providing access to vast amounts of data to help users make better business decisions are often referred to business intelligence. Principal tools for business intelligence include soft ware for database query and reporting, tools for multidimensional data analysis(OLAP), and data mining. BI process usually provides users the internal relationship of data so that enable users to see the patterns, relationships and insights of the data and make better decisions. In the Terrorist Watch List Database case, according to the standard provided in the data mining of the database, information can be correctly classified multi-dimensional. For instance, the information on the watch list can be distributed to different government agency systems (e. g. FBI, CIA, NSA,TSA) to detect and trace the movement of suspects. What is more, the information received by different agencies is pre-classified so as to fit the specific agency’s mission. The distribution and integration process involves classification of the information as well as multi-dimensional analysis processes. These processes are all referred to Business Intelligence through which end users get consolidated analysis and get access to vast data. 1. 4 Online Analytical Processing (OLAP) OLAP supports multidimensional data analysis, enabling users to view the same data in different ways using multiple dimensions. Each aspect of information- product, pricing, cost, region, or time period represents a different dimension. So, a product manager could use a multidimensional data analysis tool to learn how many washers were sold in the East in June, how that compares with the previous month and the previous June. And how it compares with the sales forecast. OLAP enables users to obtain online answers to ad hoc questions such as these in a fairly rapid amount of time, even when the data are stored in very large databases, such as sales figures for multiple years. . 5 Databases and Database Management Systems A database is a collection of data organized to serve many applications efficiently by centralizing the data and controlling redundant data. Database management systems is software that permits an organization to centralize data, manage them efficiently, and provide access to the stored data by application programs. The DBMS acts as an interface between application programs and the physical da ta files.